The toilet, valued at more than $US5 million ($A7.3 million), was part of an exhibition of work by Italian conceptual artist Maurizio Cattelan which opened two days ago at the stately 18th-century Oxfordshire estate 100km west of London, which is a major tourist attraction.

The toilet, named "America", was previously on display in a cubicle at New York's Guggenheim Museum, where more than 100,000 visitors were able to use it.

Thieves with at least two vehicles broke into the palace, the birthplace of World War Two leader Winston Churchill, and removed the toilet some time before 5am on Saturday, Thames Valley Police said.

"Due to the toilet being plumbed in to the building, this has caused significant damage and flooding," Detective Inspector Jess Milne added in a public statement.

Police said they had arrested a 66-year-old man in connection with the theft, but had not recovered the artwork.

Blenheim Palace said it was saddened by the loss of the "precious" artwork but that the rest of the exhibition would reopen on Sunday.

Last year, while the toilet was at the Guggenheim, the Washington Post reported that President Donald Trump had turned down an offer from the museum to temporarily install the toilet for his personal use in the White House.

Australian Associated Press